Spectrum Allocation

The spectrum of the telecommunications industry spans through a range of electromagnetic radiation frequencies.  This then is used in wireless communications systems.  Conflict now is how do we upgrade or improve the system that is already established?  How do we make this present system more efficient to the ordinary user?  As a result, this is because of large mobile communications using far less powerful transmitters when compared to broadcasters on the radio.  Wireless communications used to be the mainline of telecommunications networking, which carried an excess amount of calls amongst cities as oppose to individual to individual.  When the developments of microwave towers were first introduced, this then allowed thousands and thousands of calls to go on at once.  A downside to this was that they were using directional antennas which restricted their networking to extend to certain spans.  What then happened was that it leads to the introductions of fiber optic integrated systems, and then satellite technology and then cell phones.  With all these technological advancements along with the evolution of time, they all faced similar restrictions with their channel space.  In present day, technicians are still trying to figure out and develop a new innovation that can handle these limited channel spaces.

LIST THE MAJOR TYPES OF CONTENT ON THE WEB:

The World Wide Web is characterized with various domains depending on specificity.  The internet has different forms of content that are also known as ‘genres’ according to the book.  Some major types of content seen on the internet are: Electronic Publishing, Entertainment, Online Games, Portals, Search Engines, Communities, “Blogs”, and Electronic Commerce.  These different types of content also known as genres perform and present according to their specific genre.  For example, Electronic Commerce is a specific content that performs financial activities for individuals electronically via-internet, as oppose to going to the bank physically.  It is simpler, quicker and quite possibly more efficient then going out of your way to the bank, waiting in line and dealing with bank headaches, but as to everything there are disadvantages.  Internet or server may go down, and information or activities might not be received or accounted for.  Electronic Commerce is just one genre, and with this you can get a better understanding of what all the other genres niches’ are.

WHAT MAKES A GOOD WEB PAGE DESIGN?

There are millions of users around the world that have access to the internet.  With this said, the millions individuals around the world accessing the internet each have a different taste, opinion, style and character.  So it is stressed that web page design be eye catching yet positively acknowledged by the average person.  It is said that graphic designers adapt to eye catching colors and layouts from magazines.  Some other techniques include framing which is to wrap the surrounding of the web page layout with a border or company logo; something to draw the focus of the individual.  Finally according to Webby Awards, what make a good web page are lots and lots of dark space, preferably black or gray, also white blank space.  Flashing animations are also intriguing to the viewer.  These are the characteristics of a good web page design.

WHO ARE THE LEADING MAKERS OF COMPUTER SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE?

Microsoft dominates personal computer operating system software, which is famously known for as Windows.  Microsoft also dominates many other applications such as word processing (Microsoft Word) and web browsing (Internet Explorer).  Microsoft is the leading maker of computer software once reigning about 90% of the market, Apple being the other 10%.  The only weakness Microsoft has been having trouble with is dealing with and creating software that can fully protect from viruses and hackers.  Apple has done a lot better than Microsoft in this category and with the sluggish economy and rising costs, hackers have tried to gain control over territory by creating viruses that can spread to millions of users.  At first Microsoft was on top and in control, but with how Microsoft has dealt with their weakness and Apple strengthening each day, it would be easy to say that Apple will take over.

WHO RUNS THE INTERNET?

According to the book, the high capacity backbone that interconnects major internet nodes are operated by long-distance carries and local connections to those nodes are handled then by Internet Service Providers (ISP’s) and local telephone companies.  The ISP’s provide basic internet connections and sometimes also provide content as seen in America Online but most content providers are independent companies.  A variety of non-profit companies and organizations help run the internet including the Internet Society, the Internet Engineering Taskforce and the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers.

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A CONTENT PROVIDER AND AN INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER?

Internet Service Providers (ISP’s) connect users to the internet and provide e-mail accounts.  Telecommunication giant AT&T, COMCAST, and AOL, (subsidiary of Time Warner) are the industry leaders and account for nearly half of all U.S. Internet subscriptions among them.  Some Internet Service Providers such as America Online and Microsoft Network (MSN) create original content and so combine the roles of ISP’s and content providers.  Some other ones are EarthLink which are purely ISP’s in that they provide access but very little in the way of content aside from portal pages.

            Content Providers are often made by in home design departments.  One of the most infamous would be Disney, and now Amazon.  What they have are in house staffs that continuously and regularly update already running and set up websites.  This updates the site daily so that viewers and users can be up-dated and no be viewing old material from years ago.